diff --git a/danding_bot/plugins/group_horse_racing/config.py b/danding_bot/plugins/group_horse_racing/config.py
index 78c25c8..dbd97da 100644
--- a/danding_bot/plugins/group_horse_racing/config.py
+++ b/danding_bot/plugins/group_horse_racing/config.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-from pydantic import Field
+from pydantic import Field, field_validator
 from pydantic_settings import BaseSettings, SettingsConfigDict
+from typing import Union
 
 
 class Config(BaseSettings):
@@ -35,3 +36,27 @@ class Config(BaseSettings):
     )
 
     RACE_DB_FILE: str = "data/group_horse_racing/race.db"
+
+    @field_validator("TESTERS", "TEST_GROUPS", "ALLOWED_GROUPS", mode="before")
+    @classmethod
+    def parse_id_sets(cls, v):
+        """Parse ID sets from various formats."""
+        if isinstance(v, set):
+            return v
+        if isinstance(v, str):
+            # Handle JSON string format like "[1424473282]"
+            import json
+            try:
+                parsed = json.loads(v)
+                if isinstance(parsed, list):
+                    return set(int(x) for x in parsed)
+            except (json.JSONDecodeError, ValueError, TypeError):
+                pass
+            # Handle comma-separated format
+            try:
+                return set(int(x.strip()) for x in v.split(",") if x.strip())
+            except ValueError:
+                pass
+        if isinstance(v, (list, tuple)):
+            return set(int(x) for x in v)
+        return v if isinstance(v, set) else set()
diff --git a/test_config_debug.py b/test_config_debug.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e05be71
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test_config_debug.py
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+import os
+import sys
+
+# Print environment variables
+print("=== Environment Variables ===")
+for key in os.environ:
+    if "GROUP_HORSE_RACING" in key:
+        print(f"{key}={os.environ[key]}")
+
+print("\n=== Loading Config ===")
+from danding_bot.plugins.group_horse_racing.config import Config
+
+config = Config()
+print(f"TEST_MODE: {config.TEST_MODE} (type: {type(config.TEST_MODE).__name__})")
+print(f"TESTERS: {config.TESTERS} (type: {type(config.TESTERS).__name__})")
+print(f"TEST_GROUPS: {config.TEST_GROUPS} (type: {type(config.TEST_GROUPS).__name__})")
+print(f"ALLOWED_GROUPS: {config.ALLOWED_GROUPS} (type: {type(config.ALLOWED_GROUPS).__name__})")
+
+print("\n=== Testing Permission Check ===")
+test_user_id = 1424473282
+print(f"Test user_id: {test_user_id}")
+print(f"Is in TESTERS: {test_user_id in config.TESTERS}")
+print(f"TEST_MODE enabled: {config.TEST_MODE}")
+print(f"Should have access: {config.TEST_MODE and test_user_id in config.TESTERS}")